According to the Talmud, both males and females had their final pre-puberty catechizing at age twelve.2 The thus-catechized males were immediately thereafter then also given a more intensive explanation of their duties even as regards Communion at the Passover. See Exodus 12:3f & 12:26f & 12:37. Indeed, they were (yet subsequently) first admitted to manducate at the Passover Table only when at least thirteen years and one day old.3
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States the Talmud: “One trains the children a year or two before [age thirteen], in order that they may become used to religious observances.”4 All this throws very valuable light on the deeper implications of Luke 2:41,42,46,52.